Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Health Indicator Selection
The Hawaiʻi Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Program is a population-based surveillance system
designed to identify and monitor maternal experiences, attitudes, and behaviors from preconception, through pregnancy
and into the interconception period. It is a written and telephone survey that is linked to the birth record. The program
is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Reproductive Health. In Hawaiʻi this
information is captured by the PRAMS Program in the Family Health Services Division at the Hawai?i State Department of
Health. More information about the PRAMS survey and copies of the survey instruments are available on the
[https://hhdw.org/data-sources/pregnancy-risk-assessment-monitoring-system/ PRAMS Data Source] page.
'''DATA RELEASE NOTES''':[[a href=/report/resource/PRAMSDataReleases.html Click here for PRAMS Data Release notes.]]
'''RELATED VIDEOS''':[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qffoXqAd7gI Click here for the most recent PRAMS Coffee Break webinar.]
Indicator State County Mother - county of residence From the Birth Certificate. Mother's county of residence. Select N/A Mother - PRAMS age group From the Birth Certificate. Mother's PRAMS age group (<20, 20-24, 25-34, 35+). Select Select Infant - sex From the Birth Certificate. Infant's sex. Select Select Mother - census race From the Birth Certificate. Mother's Census race. Select Select Mother - DOH race-ethnicity From the Birth Certificate. Mother's DOH race-ethnicity. Select Select Mother - program race From the Birth Certificate. Mother's program race. Select Select Mother - Hispanic or Latina ethnicity From the Birth Certificate. Women who are Hispanic or Latina. Select Select Mother - education level (2014+) From the Birth Certificate. Mother's education level (2014+). Birth record data collection changed in 2014, so data from previous years cannot be trended with 2014 forward. Select Select Mother - married From the Birth Certificate. Mother's marital status grouped into yes vs no. Mothers who checked Married, Same Sex Couple, and Separated are all grouped into Married=Yes. Mothers who checked Never Married, Widowed, Divorced, Unmarried Couple, or those who were less than 15 years of age are all grouped into Married=No. Data not available in 2015 due to data collection issues. Select Select Mother - poverty level (2 level) Based on a series of questions. During the 12 months before your new baby was born, what was your yearly total household income before taxes? During the 12 months before your new baby was born, how many people, including yourself, depended on this income? Grouped into two levels: 0-185% and 186+%. Select Select Mother - poverty level (3 level) Based on a series of questions. During the 12 months before your new baby was born, what was your yearly total household income before taxes? During the 12 months before your new baby was born, how many people, including yourself, depended on this income? Grouped into three levels: 0-130%, 131-185%, 186+%. Select Select Birth history - primiparous (first child) Primiparous comes from the birth certificate and denotes women whose pregnancy was their first live birth. Data not available for 2015. Select Select
Indicator State County Insurance - Medicaid/QUEST prior to pregnancy During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby, what kind of health insurance did you have? - Medicaid or QUEST. Select Select Insurance - current health insurance (cat) What kind of health insurance do you have now? Select Select Insurance - current health insurance (choose any one category) What kind of health insurance do you have now? Select Select Payment - source for prenatal care (cat) During your most recent pregnancy, what kind of health insurance did you have to pay for your prenatal care? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select Payment - source for prenatal care (choose any one category) During your most recent pregnancy, what kind of health insurance did you have to pay for your prenatal care? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select Oral health - dental insurance during pregnancy This question is about the other care of your teeth during your most recent pregnancy. - I had insurance to cover dental care during my pregnancy. Select Select
Indicator State County Alcohol - binge drinking 3 months before pregnancy During the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many times did you drink 4 alcoholic drinks or more in a two hour time span? - Women who binge drank 1 or more times. Select Select Alcohol - drank 3 months before pregnancy During the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many alcoholic drinks did you have in an average week? - Women who had more than 0 drinks. Select Select Cigarettes - smoked 3 months before pregnancy Calculated based on: In the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select Cigarettes - avg smkd per day before pregnancy (cat) In the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select Cigarettes - avg smkd per day before pregnancy (choose any one category) In the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select E-cigarettes - smoked 3 months before pregnancy During the 3 months before you got pregnant, on average, how often did you use e-cigarettes or other electronic nicotine products? Select Select Marijuana - used before pregnancy During any of the following time periods, did you use marijuana or hash in any form? - During the 12 months before I got pregnant Select Select Illicit drugs - used 1 month before pregnancy Did you use any of these drugs in the month before you got pregnant? - Amphetamines (uppers, ice, speed, crystal, crank) - Cocaine (rock, coke, crack) or heroin (smack, horse) - Marijuana (pot, bud) or hashish (hash) - Sniffing gasoline, glue, hairspray, or other aerosols - Tranquilizers (downers, ludes) or hallucinogens (LSD/acid, PCP/angel dust, ecstasy) Question not asked after 2015. Select Select
Indicator State County Birth history - number of previous live births (cat) Number of previous live births. Select Select Birth history - number of previous live births (choose any one category) Number of previous live births. Select Select BMI - status before pregnancy (cat) Based on mother's height and weight prior to pregnancy. Obese (BMI>=30), Overweight (25 <= BMI < 30), Recommended range (18.5 <= BMI < 25), Underweight (BMI < 18.5) Select Select BMI - status before pregnancy (choose any one category) Based on mother's height and weight prior to pregnancy. Obese (BMI>=30), Overweight (25 <= BMI < 30), Recommended range (18.5 <= BMI < 25), Underweight (BMI < 18.5) Select Select Chronic disease - asthma before pregnancy During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you have any of the following health conditions? - Asthma Select Select Chronic disease - depression before pregnancy During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you have any of the following health conditions? - Depression (2009-2011 and 2016+). Select Select Chronic disease - diabetes before pregnancy Before you got pregnant with your new baby, were you ever told by a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker that you had Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes? (2009-2015). OR During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby did you have any of the following health conditions? - Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes (2016+) Select Select Chronic disease - high blood pressure before pregnancy Before you got pregnant with your new baby, did a doctor, nurse, or other HCW tell you that you had any of the following health conditions? - High blood pressure (2012-2015). OR During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you have any of the following health conditions? - High blood pressure (2016+). Select Select Chronic disease - PCOS before pregnancy During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you have any of the following health conditions? - PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) Select Select Chronic disease - thyroid problems before pregnancy During the 3 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you have any of the following health conditions? - Thyroid problems Select Select Multivitamins/folic acid - during the month before pregnancy (cat) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby, how many times a week did you take a multivitamin, a prenatal vitamin, or a folic acid vitamin? Select Select Multivitamins/folic acid - during the month before pregnancy (choose any one category) During the month before you got pregnant with your new baby, how many times a week did you take a multivitamin, a prenatal vitamin, or a folic acid vitamin? Select Select Oral health - teeth cleaned in 12 months before pregnancy At any time during the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you do any of the following things? - Teeth cleaned by dentist or hygienist. Question not asked after 2015. Select Select Physical abuse - by husb/ptnr 12 mos before preg (2009+) From 2012-2015 the question was "During the 12 months before pregnancy, did your husband or partner push, hit, slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way?" From 2016-2020 the question is "During the 12 months before pregnancy, did any of the following people push, hit, slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way?" My husband or partner. Select Select Physical abuse - by anyone 12 mos before pregnancy In the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did any of the following people push, hit, slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? - Husband or partner, ex-husband or ex-partner, another family member, or someone else Select Select
Indicator State County Health care - any visit in 12 months before pregnancy In the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you have any health care visits with a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker, including a dental or mental health worker? Select Select Health care - family doctor visit in 12 months before pregnancy What type of health care visit did you have in the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby? - Regular checkup at my family doctor's office Select Select Health care - OB/GYN visit in 12 months before pregnancy What type of health care visit did you have in the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby? - Regular checkup at my OB/GYN's office Select Select Health care - fam planning/birth cntrl visit in 12 months before pregnancy What type of health care visit did you have in the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby? - Visit for family planning or birth control Select Select Health care - illness/chronic condition visit in 12 months before pregnancy What type of health care visit did you have in the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby? Visit for an illness or chronic condition Select Select Health care - injury visit in 12 months before pregnancy What type of health care visit did you have in the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby? Visit for an injury Select Select Health care - mental health visit in 12 months before pregnancy What type of health care visit did you have in the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby? Visit for depression or anxiety Select Select HCW - asked if they smoked cigarettes before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Ask me if I was smoking cigarettes Select Select HCW - asked if down or depressed before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Ask me if I was feeling down or depressed Select Select HCW - asked if they were hurt emotionally or physically before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Ask me if someone was hurting me emotionally or physically Select Select HCW - asked about type of work before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Ask me about the kind of work I do Select Select HCW - talked about birth control before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about using birth control to prevent pregnancy Select Select HCW - talked about having children before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about my desire to have or not have children Select Select HCW - talked about improving health before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about how I could improve my health before a pregnancy Select Select HCW - talked about controlling medical conditions before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about controlling any medical conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure Select Select HCW - talked about maintaining healthy weight before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about maintaining a healthy weight Select Select HCW - told to take vitamin with folic acid before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Tell me to take a vitamin with folic acid Select Select HCW - talked about sexually transmitted infections before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis Select Select HCW - tested them for HIV before pregnancy During any of your health care visits in the 12 months before you got pregnant, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Test me for HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) Select Select
Indicator State County Intention - trying to get pregnant at conception When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you trying to get pregnant? Select Select Intention - pregnancy intention (2012+, cat) Thinking back to just before you got pregnant with your new baby, how did you feel about becoming pregnant? Responses included: wanted to be pregnant sooner or then (intended), wanted to be pregnant later (mis-timed), did not want to pregnant then or at any time in the future (unintended), and not sure what they wanted (not sure). Select Select Intention - pregnancy intention (2012+) (choose any one category) Thinking back to just before you got pregnant with your new baby, how did you feel about becoming pregnant? Responses included: wanted to be pregnant sooner or then (intended), wanted to be pregnant later (mis-timed), did not want to pregnant then or at any time in the future (unintended), and not sure what they wanted (not sure). Select Select Birth control - any at conception When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you or your husband or partner doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? Select Select No contraception at conception - didn't mind getting pregnant Based on a series of questions. When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you or your husband or partner doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? What were your or your husband's or partner's reasons for not doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? - I didn't mind if I got pregnant Select Select No contraception at conception - thought couldn't get pregnant Based on a series of questions. When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you or your husband or partner doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? What were your or your husband's or partner's reasons for not doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? - I thought I could not get pregnant at that time Select Select No contraception at conception - side effects Based on a series of questions. When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you or your husband or partner doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? What were your or your husband's or partner's reasons for not doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? - I had side effects from the birth control method I was using Select Select No contraception at conception - problems getting it Based on a series of questions. When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you or your husband or partner doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? What were your or your husband's or partner's reasons for not doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? - I had problems getting birth control when I needed it Select Select No contraception at conception - thought she or partner was sterile Based on a series of questions. When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you or your husband or partner doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? What were your or your husband's or partner's reasons for not doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? - I thought my husband or partner or I was sterile (could not get pregnant at all) Select Select No contraception at conception - husband/partner didn't want to Based on a series of questions. When you got pregnant with your new baby, were you or your husband or partner doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? What were your or your husband's or partner's reasons for not doing anything to keep from getting pregnant? - My husband or partner didn't want to use anything Select Select
Indicator State County Alcohol - drank last 3 months of pregnancy During the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many alcoholic drinks did you have in an average week? - Women who had more than 0 drinks. Select Select Cigarettes - smoked last 3 months of pregnancy In the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select Cigarettes - avg smkd per day last 3 months of pregnancy (cat) In the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select Cigarettes - avg smkd per day last 3 months of pregnancy (choose any one category) In the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select Cigarettes - smoking habits during pregnancy (cat) Did you quit smoking around the time of your most recent pregnancy? Select Select Cigarettes - smoking habits during pregnancy (choose any one category) Did you quit smoking around the time of your most recent pregnancy? Select Select Cigarettes - quit smoking during pregnancy Based on a series of questions. In the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) In the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) A woman who smoked in the 3 months before she got pregnant but not in the last 3 months of pregnancy is considered to have quit during pregnancy. Select Select E-cigarettes - smoked last 3 months of pregnancy During the last 3 months of your pregnancy, on average, how often did you use e-cigarettes or other electronic nicotine products? Select Select Marijuana - used during pregnancy During any of the following time periods, did you use marijuana or hash in any form? - During my most recent pregnancy Select Select SHS - lived with a cigarette smoker during pregnancy How many cigarette smokers, not including yourself, lived in your home during your most recent pregnancy? Select Select
Indicator State County BMI - gained recommended amount of weight during pregnancy Based on pre-pregnancy body mass index and question: By the end of your most recent pregnancy, how much weight had you gained? Guidelines for recommended weight gain during pregnancy were established by the Institute of Medicine. Question not asked after 2015. Select Select Chronic disease - asthma during pregnancy During your most recent pregnancy, did you have any of the following health conditions? - Asthma Select Select Chronic disease - depression during pregnancy During your most recent pregnancy, did you have any of the following health conditions? - Depression Select Select Complications - eclampsia During your most recent pregnancy, did you have any of the following health conditions? - High blood pressure (that started during this pregnancy), pre-eclampsia or eclampsia Select Select Diabetes - gestational diabetes During your most recent pregnancy, were you told by a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker that you had gestational diabetes (diabetes that started during this pregnancy)? Select Select Flu shot - offered by HCW in the 12 months b/f delivery During the 12 months before the delivery of your new baby, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker offer you a flu shot or tell you to get one? Select Select Flu shot - received in the 12 months b/f delivery During the 12 months before the delivery of your new baby, did you get a flu shot? Select Select HIV - test during pregnancy At any time during your pregnancy or delivery, did you have a test for HIV? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select Physical abuse - by husb/ptnr during pregnancy (2009+) During your most recent pregnancy, did your husband or partner push, hit, slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? From 2016-2020 the question changed to "During your most recent pregnancy, did any of the following people push, hit, slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way?" - My husband or partner. Select Select Physical abuse - by anyone during pregnancy During your most recent pregnancy, did any of the following people push, hit, slap, kick, choke, or physically hurt you in any other way? - Husband or partner, ex-husband or ex-partner, another family member, or someone else Select Select Stress - 2 or more stressors during pregnancy This question is about things that may have happened during the 12 months before your new baby was born. a. A close family member was very sick and had to go into the hospital b. I got separated or divorced from my husband or partner c. I moved to a new address d. I was homeless or had to sleep outside, in a car, or in a shelter e. My husband or partner lost his job f. I lost my job even though I wanted to go on working g. My husband, partner, or I had a cut in work hours or pay h. I was apart from my husband or partner due to military deployment or extended work-related travel i. I argued with my husband or partner more than usual j. My husband or partner said he didn't want me to be pregnant k. I had problems paying the rent, mortgage, or other bills l. My husband, partner, or I went to jail m. Someone very close to me had a problem with drinking or drugs n. Someone very close to me died Question not asked after 2015. Select Select Tdap shot - received during pregnancy During your most recent pregnancy, did you get a Tdap shot or vaccination? A Tdap vaccination is a tetanus booster shot that also protects against pertussis (whooping cough). Select Select WIC - participation during pregnancy During your pregnancy, were you on WIC (the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children)? Select Select
Indicator State County Oral health - knew teeth and gum care importance This question is about other care of your teeth during your most recent pregnancy. - I knew it was important to care for my teeth and gums during my pregnancy Select Select Oral health - talked with HCW about care during pregnancy This question is about the care of your teeth during your most recent pregnancy. - A dental or other health care worker talked with me about how to care for my teeth and gums Select Select Oral health - teeth cleaned during pregnancy Did you have your teeth cleaned by a dentist or dental hygienist during the time periods listed below? - during pregnancy. Select Select Oral health - needed a dentist during pregnancy This question is about the care of your teeth during your most recent pregnancy. - I needed to see a dentist for a problem Select Select Oral health - dental visit for problem during pregnancy This question is about other care of your teeth during your most recent pregnancy. - I went to a dentist or dental clinic about a problem Select Select Oral health - dental clinic visit during pregnancy Based on a series of questions. During your most recent pregnancy, did you have your teeth cleaned by a dentist or dental hygienist? This question is about other care of your teeth during your most recent pregnancy. - I went to a dentist or dental clinic about a problem Select Select Oral health barriers - thought unsafe during pregnancy Did any of the following things make it hard for you to go to a dentist or dental clinic during your most recent pregnancy? - I did not think it was safe to go to the dentist during pregnancy. Select Select Oral health barriers - practice accepting pregnant women Did any of the following things make it hard for you to go to a dentist or dental clinic during your most recent pregnancy? - I could not find a dentist or dental clinic that would take pregnant patients. Select Select Oral health barriers - cost Did any of the following things make it hard for you to go to a dentist or dental clinic during your most recent pregnancy? - I could not afford to go to the dentist or dental clinic. Select Select Oral health barriers - practice accepting Medicaid Did any of the following things make it hard for you to go to a dentist or dental clinic during your most recent pregnancy? - I could not find a dentist or dental clinic that would take Medicaid patients. Select Select
Indicator State County PNC - received early and adequate prenatal care (2016+) Kotelchuck Index of Prenatal Care. See data release notes. Select Select PNC - asked about abuse by HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If someone was hurting me emotionally or physically Select Select PNC - asked about alcohol use by HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I was drinking alcohol Select Select PNC - asked about breastfeeding by HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I planned to breastfeed my new baby Select Select PNC - asked about cigarette smoking by HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I was smoking cigarettes Select Select PNC - asked about depression by HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I was feeling down or depressed Select Select PNC - asked about drug use by HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I was using drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, crack, or meth Select Select PNC - asked by HCW if want HIV test During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I wanted to be tested for HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) Select Select PNC - asked about post partum birth control by HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I planned to use birth control after my baby was born Select Select PNC - discussed prescription meds with HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I was taking any prescription medication Select Select PNC - discussed weight gain with HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker talk with you about any of the things listed below? - How much weight I should gain during my pregnancy. For 2016-2020 the question changed to "During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker ask you any of the things listed below? - If I knew how much weight I should gain during pregnancy." Select Select PNC - attended childbirth class During your most recent pregnancy, did you take a class or classes to prepare for childbirth and learn what to expect during labor and delivery? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select PNC - discussed breastfeeding with HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker talk with you about breastfeeding your baby? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select PNC - discussed effects of smoking with HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker talk with you about how smoking during pregnancy could affect your baby? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select PNC - discussed seat belt use with HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker talk with you about using a seat belt during pregnancy? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select PNC - discussed HIV testing with HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker talk with you about getting tested for HIV (the virus that causes AIDS)? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select PNC - discussed physical abuse with HCW During any of your prenatal care visits, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker talk with you about physical abuse to women by their husbands or partners? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select
Indicator State County Cigarettes - relapsed after pregnancy, amg quitters Based on a series of questions. In the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) In the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) How many cigarettes do you smoke on an average day now? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) Those who smoked before they got pregnant, then quit during pregnancy, but starting smoking again after delivery. Select Select Cigarettes - smoking 3-6 months after pregnancy Calculated based on: How many cigarettes do you smoke on an average day now? (A pack has 20 cigarettes) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select Cigarettes - avg smkd per day after pregnancy (cat) How many cigarettes do you smoke on an average day now? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select Cigarettes - avg smkd per day after pregnancy (choose any one category) How many cigarettes do you smoke on an average day now? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.) Among women who smoked cigarettes within the 2 years before they got pregnant. Select Select E-cigarettes - smoking 3-6 months after pregnancy How often do you use e-cigarettes or other electronic nicotine products in an average week now? Select Select Marijuana - used since delivery During any of the following time periods, did you use marijuana or hash in any form? - Since my new baby was born Select Select SHS - lives with a cigarette smoker How many cigarette smokers, not including yourself, live in your home now? Select Select
Indicator State County Breastfeeding - initiation Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? Select Select Breastfeeding - still Are you still breastfeeding or feeding pumped milk to your new baby? Select Select Breastfeeding - (exclusive) duration (grouped, cat) Based on a series of questions and the baby's age at the time the questionnaire was completed. Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? Are you currently breastfeeding or feeding pumped milk to your new baby? How old was your new baby the first time he or she ate food (such as baby cereal, baby food, or any other food)? How old was your new baby the first time he or she drank liquids other than breast milk (such as formula, water, juice, tea, or cow's milk)? Select Select Breastfeeding - (exclusive) duration (grouped) (choose any one category) Based on a series of questions and the baby's age at the time the questionnaire was completed. Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? Are you currently breastfeeding or feeding pumped milk to your new baby? How old was your new baby the first time he or she ate food (such as baby cereal, baby food, or any other food)? How old was your new baby the first time he or she drank liquids other than breast milk (such as formula, water, juice, tea, or cow's milk)? Select Select Breastfeeding - (exclusive) duration 8+ weeks Based on a series of questions and the baby's age at the time the questionnaire was completed. Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? Are you currently breastfeeding or feeding pumped milk to your new baby? How old was your new baby the first time he or she ate food (such as baby cereal, baby food, or any other food)? How old was your new baby the first time he or she drank liquids other than breast milk (such as formula, water, juice, tea, or cow's milk)? Select Select Breastfeeding - (any) duration (grouped, cat) Based on a series of questions and the baby's age at the time the questionnaire was completed. Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? Are you currently breastfeeding or feeding pumped milk to your new baby? Select Select Breastfeeding - (any) duration (grouped) (choose any one category) Based on a series of questions and the baby's age at the time the questionnaire was completed. Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? Are you currently breastfeeding or feeding pumped milk to your new baby? Select Select Breastfeeding - (any) duration 8+ weeks Based on a series of questions and the baby's age at the time the questionnaire was completed. Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? Are you currently breastfeeding or feeding pumped milk to your new baby? Select Select Breastfeeding - liquid supplement 1st week Based on a series of questions. Did you ever breastfeed or pump breast milk to feed your new baby after delivery, even for a short period of time? How old was your new baby the first time he or she drank liquids other than breast milk (such as formula, water, juice, tea, or cow's milk)? Select Select Breastfeeding information - from lactation specialist Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - A breastfeeding or lactation specialist Select Select Breastfeeding information - from baby's doctor Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - My baby's doctor or health care provider Select Select Breastfeeding information - from mother's doctor Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - My doctor Select Select Breastfeeding information - from nurse, midwife or doula Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - A nurse, midwife, or doula Select Select Breastfeeding information - from support group Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - A breastfeeding support group Select Select Breastfeeding information - from hotline Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - A breastfeeding hotline or toll-free number Select Select Breastfeeding information - from family or friends Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - Family or friends Select Select Breastfeeding information - from another source Before or after your new baby was born, did you receive information about breastfeeding from any of the following sources? - Other Select Select
Indicator State County Post-partum - depression (2012+) Based on a series of questions. Since your new baby was born, how often have you felt down, depressed, or hopeless? Since your new baby was born, how often have you had little interest or little pleasure in doing things? Women were considered to have post-partum depression if they answered 'Always' or 'Often' to either of these questions. Select Select Oral health - teeth cleaned after pregnancy Since your new baby was born, have you had your teeth cleaned by a dentist or dental hygienist? Select Select Oral health - teeth cleaned before, during or after pregnancy Based on a series of questions. At any time during the 12 months before you got pregnant with your new baby, did you do any of the following things? - Teeth cleaned by dentist or hygienist. Did you have your teeth cleaned by a dentist or dental hygienist during the time periods listed below? - During pregnancy. Did you have your teeth cleaned by a dentist or dental hygienist during the time periods listed below? - After pregnancy. Select Select
Indicator State County Post-partum - health checkup Since your new baby was born, have you had a postpartum checkup for yourself? Select Select PPV - discussed timing next pregnancy During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about how long to wait before getting pregnant again Select Select PPV - discussed birth control During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about birth control methods I can use after giving birth Select Select PPV - inserted birth control During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Insert an IUD (Mirena®, ParaGard®, Liletta®, or Skyla®) or a contraceptive implant (Nexplanon® or Implanon®) Select Select PPV - prescribed birth control During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Give or prescribe me a contraceptive method such as the pill, patch, shot (Depo-Provera®), NuvaRing®, or condoms Select Select PPV - tested for diabetes During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Test me for diabetes Select Select PPV - asked if down or depressed During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Ask me if I was feeling down or depressed Select Select PPV - asked if they were being hurt emotionally or physically During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Ask me if someone was hurting me emotionally or physically Select Select PPV - asked if they smoked cigarettes During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Ask me if I was smoking cigarettes Select Select PPV - told to take vitamin with folic acid During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Tell me to take a vitamin with folic acid Select Select PPV - discussed healthy eating, exercise and weight loss During your postpartum checkup, did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker do any of the following things? - Talk to me about healthy eating, exercise, and losing weight gained during pregnancy Select Select
Indicator State County Contraception - used after pregnancy Since your new baby was born, are you or your husband or partner doing anything now to keep from getting pregnant? Select Select Contraception after pregnancy - tubal ligation or vasectomy Based on a series of questions. Are you or your husband or partner doing anything now to keep from getting pregnant? What kind of birth control are you or your husband or partner using now to keep from getting pregnant? Among women who are doing something to keep from getting pregnant. Select Select Contraception after pregnancy - used IUDs or implants Based on a series of questions. Are you or your husband or partner doing anything now to keep from getting pregnant? What kind of birth control are you or your husband or partner using now to keep from getting pregnant? Among women who are doing something to keep from getting pregnant. Select Select Contraception after pregnancy - used pills, shots, rings or patches Based on a series of questions. Are you or your husband or partner doing anything now to keep from getting pregnant? What kind of birth control are you or your husband or partner using now to keep from getting pregnant? Among women who are doing something to keep from getting pregnant. Select Select Contraception after pregnancy - used condoms Based on a series of questions. Are you or your husband or partner doing anything now to keep from getting pregnant? What kind of birth control are you or your husband or partner using now to keep from getting pregnant? Among women who are doing something to keep from getting pregnant. Select Select Contraception after pregnancy - natural planning or withdrawal Based on a series of questions. Are you or your husband or partner doing anything now to keep from getting pregnant? What kind of birth control are you or your husband or partner using now to keep from getting pregnant? Among women who are doing something to keep from getting pregnant. Select Select Contraception after pregnancy - abstinence Based on a series of questions. Are you or your husband or partner doing anything now to keep from getting pregnant? What kind of birth control are you or your husband or partner using now to keep from getting pregnant? Among women who are doing something to keep from getting pregnant. Select Select
Indicator State County Infant - delivery type (cat) Delivery type comes from the birth certificate. Delivery options are vaginal delivery, first c-section, repeat c-section, vaginal delivery after c-section. Select Select Infant - delivery type (Choose a response) Delivery type comes from the birth certificate. Delivery options are vaginal delivery, first c-section, repeat c-section, vaginal delivery after c-section. Select Select Infant - born preterm The gestational age comes from the birth certificate. Delivery is considered preterm when the gestational age is 36 weeks or less. Select Select Infant - gestational age (cat) Gestational age comes from the birth certificate and is categorized as early preterm (<32 weeks), preterm (32-36 weeks), full term (37-41 weeks) and post term (42+ weeks). Select Select Infant - gestational age (Choose a response) Gestational age comes from the birth certificate and is categorized as early preterm (<32 weeks), preterm (32-36 weeks), full term (37-41 weeks) and post term (42+ weeks). Select Select Infant - birthweight (cat) Infant's weight comes from the birth certificate and is categorized as low (<2,500 grams), normal (2,500-3,999 grams), or high (4,000+ grams). Select Select Infant - birthweight (Choose a response) Infant's weight comes from the birth certificate and is categorized as low (<2,500 grams), normal (2,500-3,999 grams), or high (4,000+ grams). Select Select Infant - placed in NICU after birth After your baby was born, was he or she put in an intensive care unit? Question not asked after 2015. Select Select Infant - discharged within 48 hours After your baby was born, how long did he or she stay in the hospital? Among vaginal births. Select Select
Indicator State County Sleep - positioning of baby (cat) In which one position do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? Select Select Sleep - positioning of baby (Choose a response) In which one position do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? Select Select Sleep - alone, past 2 weeks In the past 2 weeks, how often has your new baby slept alone in his or her own crib or bed? - Always or often Select Select Sleep - alone, in room with mother When your new baby sleeps alone, is his or her crib or bed in the same room where you sleep? Select Select Sleep advice - place baby on back Did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker tell you any of the following things? - Place my baby on his or her back to sleep Select Select Sleep advice - place baby in a crib Did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker tell you any of the following things? - Place my baby to sleep in a crib, bassinet, or pack and play Select Select Sleep advice - place crib in mother's room Did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker tell you any of the following things? - Place my baby's crib or bed in my room Select Select Sleep advice - items in bed with baby Did a doctor, nurse, or other health care worker tell you any of the following things? - What things should and should not go in bed with my baby Select Select Sleep where - crib, bassinet or pack and play Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - In a crib, bassinet, or pack and play Select Select Sleep where - in a crib with bumper pads Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - With crib bumper pads (mesh or non-mesh) Select Select Sleep where - couch, sofa or armchair Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - On a couch, sofa, or armchair Select Select Sleep where - twin or larger mattress or bed Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - On a twin or larger mattress or bed Select Select Sleep where - infant car seat or swing Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - In an infant car seat or swing Select Select Sleep where - with a blanket Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - With a blanket Select Select Sleep where - in a sleeping sack or wearable blanket Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - In a sleeping sack or wearable blanket Select Select Sleep where - with toys, cushions, or pillows Listed below are some more things about how babies sleep. How did your new baby usually sleep in the past 2 weeks? - With toys, cushions, or pillows, including nursing pillows Select Select